Carassius auratus (Goldfish)

Carassius auratus, commonly known as the goldfish, is a species that has over 20 breeds and variants or sub-breeds of those breeds. normal or wild goldfish really have a silver color and are bigger than their gold, white, red, or black breeds. Goldfish should be kept at 10-25 °C (50-77°F).

History
During the Tang Dynasty it was popular to trap carp (including goldfish and koi) and domasticize them. Sometime during the Tang Dynasty, these silver carp (which would later be known as the goldfish) developed a mutation and became "golden" (really yellowish orange) coloration.